A Guide to World History Encyclopedia is a non-profit organization. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Foreign Relations of Babylonia from 1600 to 625 B. C.: The Documentary Evidence. American Journal of Archaeology, vol. Their Akkadian name Ka originates from a Kassite form *G/Kal- (cf. Why Did The Samaritan Woman At The Well Have So Many Marriages? The Kassites seem to be relatively new to the region, in view of the fact that they do not appear among the peoples who inhabited the central and southern Zagros according to Sargonic and Ur III sources. The dependents employed in these sectors received rations, the quantities of which were determined according to the recipients rank in the hierarchy. Volume 2 Kardunia. The ruler Shutruk-Nakhkhunte is credited with permanently ending Kassite power. It is important to know that many of the cities of Canaan that were mentioned in the Bible have now undergone excavations. The chronology of the Kassite rulers is very uncertain. This is the first entry which will cover the Kassite period (1600-1160 BCE). Once Kassite rulers were finally overthrown, they never regained power. 27181. 11119, Pedersn, Olof. [37] According to the Assyrian Synchronistic Chronicle, which is not considered reliable, the last Kassite king, Enlil-nadin-ahi, was taken to Susa and imprisoned there in 1155 BC, where he also died. "Kassite." G. Dosch and K. Deller, Die Familie Kizzuk - sieben Kassitengenerationen in Temtena und uriniwe, in M. A. Morrison, and D. I. Owen, eds., Studies on the Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the Hurrians in Honor of Ernest R. Lacheman on his 75th Birthday, Winona Lake, 1981, pp. Excerpt from the Lexham Bible Dictionary, . Our collection of maps are simple and they are free. 177-189, Krebernik, M., and Seidl, U. 11, no. [42][43] Another Kassite king, Hamar-galu, is known from five inscriptions from the Nippur area. Kassite, member of an ancient people known primarily for establishing the second, or middle, Babylonian dynasty; they were believed (perhaps wrongly) to have 283304, Armstrong, James A.. "15. Babylonia under the Kassites 2, edited by Alexa Bartelmus and Katja Sternitzke, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2017, pp. Kassites and Assyrians. Sassmannshausen (1999, pp. A culture that rules babylonia from the 16th and 12th centuries BC. Ancient Jerusalem - Interactive Study of Jerusalem with Map. (2015). [44][45], Note that the relative order of Kadashman-Turgu and Kadashman-Enlil II have been questioned. "The Bronze Age Shipwreck at Ulu Burun: 1986 Campaign." The Canaan has been plundered into every sort of woe: The Absurd History Of Papal Edicts Concerning Jews, How Well Do You Know Your Bible? Volume 1 Kardunia. This period is marked by a building hiatus at Babylon, similar to the one after the fall of the First Babylonian dynasty. G. del Monte and J. Tischler, Die Orts- und Gewssernamen der hethitischen Texte, Rpertoire Gographique des Textes Cuniformes 6, Wiesbaden, 1978. This was followed by Dynasty II of Isin (1169-1039 b.c. of Balkan, Kassitenstudien, Archiv fr Orientforschung 18,1957-58, pp. [20] Other important centers during the Kassite period were Larsa, Sippar and Susa. The Kassites were members of a small military aristocracy but were efficient rulers and locally popular, and their 500-year reign laid an essential groundwork for the development of subsequent Babylonian culture. The temple gave people loans, possibly in return for labor, which may have led to a situation of indebtedness. Related Content Archaeologists divide it into three periods, Early Kassite (pre c. 1415 BC), Middle Kassite (c 1415 BC - 1225 BC), and Late Kassite (c. 1225 BC - 1155 BC). The Kassites: The History and Legacy of the Ancient Civilization that Ruled the Babylonian Empire after Hammurabi and the First Babylonian Dynasty examines the impact the Kassites had on the region. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. What does a 3 digit interstate numbers mean? 209-23. 11-15). In addition, no Kassite anthroponyms and toponyms are recorded in these regions according to the above-mentioned early sources. They are recorded as weavers and other textile workers, but are underrepresented in most of the other handicrafts (Sassmannshausen, 2001, p. xv). The only named ruler of Bt-Hamban bore the Kassite anthroponym (originally title) Ianz. Idem, Kassiten, RlA 5, 1976-1980, pp. The Kassites hardly penetrated the fields where acquaintance with the scribal art was required. Scholars today are still debating the historical identity of the Cushites. Kassite, member of an ancient people known primarily for establishing the second, or middle, Babylonian dynasty; they were believed (perhaps wrongly) to have originated in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. 8, 1966, pp. (Non-dynastic usurpers17351701 BCE) bukaum), who received envoys of the king of Halaba (very probably Aleppo) in his encampment, was perhaps a contemporary of Samsiluna (see Podany, 2002, p. 49). The first-millennium Babylonian King Lists assign the Kassite dynasty the longest rule of all the other dynasties who ruled Babylonia: 36 kings who ruled for 576 years and nine months. [3], The origin and classification of the Kassite language, like the Sumerian language and Hurrian language, is uncertain, and, also like the two latter languages, has generated a wide array of speculation over the years, even to the point of linking it to Sanskrit. S. F. C. Richardson, The Collapse of a Complex State: A Reappraisal of the End of the First Dynasty of Babylon, 1683-1597 B.C., Ph.D. MOSAIC GLASS FROM HASANLU, MARLIK, AND TELL AL-RIMAH. Journal of Glass Studies, vol. 31217, Levine, Louis D. "Geographical Studies in the Neo-Assyrian ZagrosI." Hittite, member of an ancient Indo-European people who appeared in Anatolia at the beginning of the 2nd millennium bce; by 1340 bce they had become one of the dominant powers of the Middle East. Volume 2 Kardunia. [2] A dynasty of Kassite origin ruled Babylonia starting with the fifteenth century BCE. Kassite, member of an ancient people known primarily for establishing the second, or middle, Babylonian dynasty; they were believed (perhaps wrongly) to have originated in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. (Kassites). Not only do we pay for our servers, but also for related services such as our content delivery network, Google Workspace, email, and much more. Kassite period. The section concludes with a brief appendix (chapter 45). 233-42. Idem, Prelude to Empire: Babylonian Society and Politics, 747-626 B.C., Occasional Publications of the Babylonian Fund 7, Philadelphia, 1984. There may be several Kassite names in Old Babylonian uarr in the Zagros (see Eidem, 1992, p. 49b, top; Sassmannshausen, 1999, p. 412 with n. 16). THE OLD TO MIDDLE BABYLONIAN TRANSITION: HISTORY AND CHRONOLOGY OF THE MESOPOTAMIAN DARK AGE. gypten Und Levante / Egypt and the Levant, vol. The demise of the Kassite dynasty was caused mainly by external factors. 5 What kind of government did the Kassites have? Temples were granted whole villages with the tillers, who stood in dependency and an exploitation relationship (see Oelsner, 1982a, 1982b). Charpin, 1995). atttacks Babylonia and takes the throne in 1224. Kassite toponyms refer to three polities in western Media, viz., Nahi-marti, Bt-Kilamzah, and Bt-Kubatti. Why Did Christ Ride a Donkey on His Triumphant Entry? The Babylonian empire founded by Hammurabi was overthrown by the Kassites (whose origins are unknown) in 1595 BCE, the conquest following a Hittite invasion that sacked Babylon but did not stay to rule over it.Over the following centuries, the Kassites successfully . Large Map of Israel in the First Century - Click around on the Cities. Schneider, Thomas (2003). SeventeenthDynasty, (15001100 BCE)Kidinuid dynastyIgehalkid dynastyUntash-Napirisha, Twenty-first Dynasty of EgyptSmendes Amenemnisu Psusennes I Amenemope Osorkon the Elder Siamun Psusennes II, Twenty-third Dynasty of EgyptHarsiese A Takelot II Pedubast I Shoshenq VI Osorkon III Takelot III Rudamun Menkheperre Ini A. Brinkman (1976-80, p. 465a) and W. De Smet (1990, p. 11) point out that the earliest evidence for Kassites is from northern Babylonia and west of it, viz., the Middle Euphrates and Alalah VII (see Brinkman, 1976-80, p. 466b). K. Balkan, Kassitenstudien, 1: Die Sprache der Kassiten, American Oriental Series 37, New Haven, 1954. [10][11] A few inscribed building materials of Kurigalzu I were found at Kish. kassites in the bible. The Amarna letters show marriage contracts between Egypt's 18th dynasty and the Kassites. Kassites after the fall of the Kassite dynasty. While the period of enslavement by the Egyptians meant that the Israelites would certainly not be writing anything down, it did not prevent the Egyptians from documenting certain things. [5] The chief gods, titular gods of the kings, were Shuqamuna and Shumaliya. 131 f.). Kassite, member of an ancient people known primarily for establishing the second, or middle, Babylonian dynasty; they were believed (perhaps wrongly) to have originated in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. This relief shows 3 different peoples essentially having Egyptian rule placed over them. 2, 1986, pp. Kassites. Cancik-Kirschbaum, 1996, no. Given that their existence was before Joshua and the Canaan conquest, it is difficult to label these rebels as Hebrews specifically from Egypt. how much did lawrence welk band members make; walmart distribution center pedricktown, nj 08067; smoked coffee beans on pellet smoker; power xl air fryer turn off beeping The Elamites went on to take Babylon up till Hammurabi around 1700 BC. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. 1465 BCE (Brinkman, 1972, p. 274; Edens 1994, p. 210). Their direct or indirect ties to the Middle Euphrates region enhanced their communication with the Hittites who controlled parts of northern Syria, so they might have been instrumental in enabling the temporary conquest of Babylon by the Hittite king Telipinu, who put an end to Hammurabis dynasty in 1595 BCE and eventually gave way for the Kassite rule in Babylonia. There is a radical change of the administrative terminology. J. Boese and G. Wilhelm, Aur-dn I., Ninurta-apil-Ekur und die mittelassyrische Chronologie, WZKM 71, 1979, pp. Cushan-Rishathaim is mentioned in Judges 3:8 and God had used this ruler to punish his people for eight years before he releases them from his rule. The interest of the boundary stones for modern scholars is not only economic and religious but also artistic. Kassite kings ruled for about 400 years. 2005. As for the meaning of Ahmose, I am no Egyptologist but I am fairly certain that his name means born of Iah (the moond god). Selves Engraved on Stone: Seals and Identity in the Ancient Near East, ca. 1 The Assyrian Empire. Balkan, 1954, pp. 129, Brinkman, J. They were conquered by Alexander the Great but later regained their independence. There is not a single connected text in the Kassite language. (Joshua 24:2 NIV), So because Gideon broke down Baals altar, they gave him the name Jerub-Baal that day, saying, Let Baal contend with him. (Judges 6:32 NIV), You must not worship the LORD your God in their way, because in worshiping their gods, they do all kinds of detestable things the LORD hates. [46], The Kassite language has not been classified. Trustees of the British Museum. 224 f.). The 9th year name of king Samsu-iluna (17491712 BC) of Babylon, the son of Hammurabi mentions them ie. [26] On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Altorientalische Forschungen (in German) (30): 372381. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". 1-48. 6, no. The event is recorded in Genesis 12. [25] As the Babylonian empire weakened in the following years the Kassites became a part of the landscape, even at times supplying troops for Babylon. 6969, Albrecht Goetze, "The Kassites and Near Eastern Chronology,", This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 22:04. How Long Was Joseph In Potiphars House? H. H. Paper, rev. 23. Speiser View PDF Biblical history proper begins with the call to Abraham to leave his native country and set out for a destination that is to become the Promised Land. 44 f., 59). The original abodes of the Kassites are not known. Chen, Fei (2020).